It somewhat started with Reagan cutting taxes while significantly increasing spending on military and Star Wars. Bush Sr., being more of a caretaker type of leader than transformational, didn't make significant changes, and the debt rose further (along with cost related to Gulf War 1). W. Bush got us into Iraq, which of course cranked up the debt even further.
I hate what happened to the debt under Obama, but I can't dispute your point that his G.O.P. predecessors and successor have not been much more effective with spend. It disappoints me.