First, in Missouri, I pay an extra $150/year to register my “alternate fuel vehicle”. That is already more than I would pay in state fuel tax given my driving patterns.
A Federal excise tax on passenger tires is also another way to address this. (There is already a federal tax on certain commercial truck tires.). Tire usage is a reasonable proxy for miles driven. Probably a better proxy for actual wear-and-tear on roads as higher load rates tires for heavier cars/trucks could be charged a higher rate. For example, my Tesla requires XL ( eXtra Load) rated tires, as do some pickups and heavier SUVs
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