(I just typed this out while watching football, so I'm sure I will have to edit it up...especially for formatting to make it more readable.)
Generally, the principle is Risk = Probability x Harm (This is a commonly used decision making equation when you have imperfect information, it is an equation used in gambling, and it is the basis of Pascal's wager, among other things.)
So, looking at the risk of Covid:
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Risk of Covid = Probability of Contracting x Harm of Contracting
RC = PC x HC
PC is high. Covid is very contagious (apparently?...I just lived in a home with someone who had it, and I did not catch it, but, whatever...let's say contractability is high).
HC is very low for healthy people, but very high for other people.
So, for healthy people, RC = High x Low...so Risk of Covid is a mid level risk.
For elderly or sick people, RC = High x High...so Risk of Covid is very high for those people
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Benefit of Vaccination = Protection Gained - (Probability of Side Effect)(Harm of Side Effect)
BV = PG - (PSE x HSE)
PG is, apparently, not robust. You can still get covid easily, but it possibly diminishes the harm of covid (HC)...but if HC is already low, then diminishing HC is not a big deal for those people. If HC is high (e.g., elderly, or people with other comorbidities), then diminishing HC can be a big deal.
PSE is low. That is, side effects are rare.
HSE is potentially very high (e.g., myocarditis is serious business, and can kill you, so the harm of side effect is pretty high).
So, to calculate the Benefit of Vaccination for healthy people,
BV = Low - (Low)(High)...which is near zero, and possibly negative, so the benefit of vaccination is quite low or negative. It is rational for these people to not get vaccinated.
For people at high risk,
BC = Mid - (Low)(High)...so there is some benefit of vaccination for individuals with high covid risk.
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Granted, if your analysis is limited to "do what the Party says," the issue is more simple for you.