Cost-wise, the Israeli system is considered parsimonious to the point of being underfunded. The country spends less than 8 percent of its GDP, and about US$2,600 per capita on health, beneath the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average. The equivalent numbers for the United States in 2016 under Obamacare rules were 17.8 percent of GDP and US$10,345 per capita. As a result, more than 80 percent of the population holds supplemental policies—which are relatively cheap due to the large risk pools of the health plans, the smallest of which has over 700,000 members. About 40 percent of the population also holds private commercial health insurance, which is much more expensive and not guaranteed.