NATO could pull a Kennedy, and announce that it will consider any detonation of any nuclear device by Russia to be a direct attack on a nation of NATO, thereby triggering Article 5. If you want to stop that, the Russian generals need to know what they will face if they obey any order like that.
NATO could also promise a no fly zone in response to a chemical attack.
Granted...Ukraine is already winning this war...but that is when Putin might get desperate.
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