diseases we also take steps to ensure that as few people as possible become victims...if the seriousness of the situation gets to the point where the common good is severely threatened, then mandates have been authorized, as has occurred in the past...for instance the SCOTUS allowed 'Forced' vaccination in 1905 for Smallpox in Massachusetts, and an overwhelming number of localities have authorized mandatory vaccinations of kids for measles and other diseases...military personnel are mandated to get vaccinated with a whole host of vaccines depending on their deployment locations.
COVID-19 is another serious disease and will be managed with the same attention to the common good...fortunately, we have vaccines that are manifestly safe, low cost and easily accessible, so there's no difficulty in prescribing them to the population...and real time evidence proves it.
Not at all sure where you're headed with the James Madison rant, but I'm pretty sure I don't want to go there.